When you take a lectical assessment, you
will be asked a series of questions that
require you to
explain your thinking.
You provide answers all of the time. An
answer is a decision, a choice, or a fact.
Most tests require factual answers. Lectical
assessments are different. When you take a
lectical assessment, you are required to
explain your
thinking. For example, here is a reflective
judgment dilemma like those we use in the
LRJA:
There have been
frequent reports about the relationship
between chemicals that are added to
foods and the safety of these foods.
Some studies indicate that such
chemicals can cause cancer, making these
foods unsafe to eat. Other studies,
however, show that chemical additives
are not harmful, and actually make the
foods containing them safer to eat.
This dilemma, if it was part of an LRJA,
would be followed by a series of
probing
questions—questions that ask for
judgments and
justifications. One such question
would be:
How is it
possible that experts can come to such
different conclusions?
This question does not have one correct
answer. It’s like most real-life questions;
there are many ways to think about it, so
people disagree—even the experts.
When you answer a question like this one
on a lectical assessment, we can’t score
your answer unless you show us your
thinking. To provide an accurate score, we
need you to show off your best thinking.
Here is an example of a poorly explained
response:
They disagree
because they are all biased. Everyone is
biased.
This is what we call an
unscorable
response. Even though it is clear that this
student believes bias is the reason experts
disagree, the response doesn’t tell us
enough to provide a score. We need to know
how this
person thinks about bias and how it works to
create disagreement. Here is a
well-explained response:
They disagree
because they are all biased. Everyone is
biased. Even though experts like
scientists use special methods to gather
evidence and evaluate it, different
scientists with different backgrounds
will see things differently. This could
be because they look at different
evidence, do different kinds of
experiments, or have different attitudes
about risk. Sometimes an expert who is
employed by a company that adds
chemicals to food will prefer to look at
evidence that shows chemicals to be
safe. Even if he is trying to be fair,
he will probably be biased.
It is not what
this person says that makes this a scorable
response, it is the amount and clarity of
the explanation she provides. We can
understand how
she is thinking. Before you take a lectical
assessment, consider how you would answer
this question. What kind of explanation
would you provide?
How to deal with any problems that arise
At DTS, we are constantly improving our
assessments, incorporating what we have
learned from test-takers and academic
research. This means that Lectical
assessments are never “finished”. Each time
we make a change to an existing assessment,
we run the risk of introducing a bug or two.
You may find one of these, especially if you
are taking a research assessment. If you
have any problems with the site, please
contact us immediately. We respond
promptly.